#TAURINE AMINO ACID TRIAL#
#TAURINE AMINO ACID FREE#

Muscle contraction is triggered by the release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Taurine may also reduce blood pressure by reducing production of angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor within the renin-angiotensin system. Additionally, it reduces blood pressure by enhancing vasodilation (i.e., a relaxation of blood vessels, leading to an increase in blood flow). It can modify blood lipids by binding to bile acids and facilitating the breakdown and excretion of cholesterol. Taurine may have cardioprotective effects by decreasing oxidative stress and a few other mechanisms.

#TAURINE AMINO ACID FREE#

Taurine may have the ability to directly scavenge free radicals, but it's more likely that taurine works by regulating antioxidant enzymes and inhibiting generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. The primary mechanism by which taurine acts as an antioxidant is unclear.

Most of taurine’s benefits are thought to derive from its role as a cell-protecting agent it regulates cell volume, calcium homeostasis, and membrane stabilization and exerts antioxidant effects. However, taurine has shown promise for reducing symptoms of delayed onset muscle soreness and accelerating strength recovery following exercise. Research on whether taurine improves muscle strength and power is limited and inconclusive.

#TAURINE AMINO ACID TRIAL#

In contrast, taurine does not seem to benefit time trial performance. Taurine appears to have a small positive effect on time to exhaustion in both untrained healthy people and older adults with heart failure. However, energy drinks also contain caffeine, among other ingredients, so it is unclear how much of their benefit can be attributed to taurine.īecause taurine levels are much higher in type I than type II muscle fibers, most studies have investigated whether taurine supplementation improves endurance exercise performance.

Taurine is a common component of energy drinks, which have been shown to enhance various aspects of physical performance (e.g., endurance exercise performance, vertical jump height). Taurine may also reduce total cholesterol and triglyceride levels. More recent evidence demonstrates that taurine modestly reduces blood pressure, and it seems to be more effective in people with prehypertension or hypertension. Taurine was first used to treat heart failure patients and demonstrated the ability to improve symptoms - as evidenced by improved cardiac output and stroke volume - which spurred research to determine whether it elicited other cardioprotective effects. Interest in taurine primarily stems from its potential beneficial effects on athletic performance and cardiovascular risk factors. It is renowned as a cell-protecting agent and is involved in osmoregulation, modulation of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum stress, cell membrane stabilization, conjugation of bile acids, calcium homeostasis, energy metabolism, neuromodulation, and anti-inflammatory and antioxidant actions.

In accordance with its ubiquitous presence in the body, taurine has diverse physiological functions. However, low plasma taurine levels are associated with various conditions, such as cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Because it can be produced in the body, the average adult doesn’t need to be concerned about overt symptoms of taurine deficiency (unlike cats, who develop retinopathy and cardiomyopathy with inadequate taurine intake). Taurine is considered a conditionally essential nutrient. Taurine can also be obtained directly from certain foods like beef and dark meat poultry, but most abundantly from shellfish such as scallops and mussels. Taurine is a nonproteinogenic (i.e., it is not incorporated into proteins during translation) sulfur-containing beta-amino acid that is omnipresent in the body and is particularly abundant in electrically excitable tissues such as the heart, retina, brain, and skeletal muscle.Ī small amount of taurine is produced in the liver from the metabolism of cysteine (which is derived from the essential amino acid methionine).

Taurine amino acid